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Boris Abramovich Berezovsky (, 23 January 1946 – 23 March 2013) was a Russian business oligarch, government official and mathematician. He was a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Berezovsky was politically opposed to the President of Russia Vladimir Putin, since Putin's election in 2000 and remained a vocal critic of Putin for the rest of his life. In late 2000, after the Russian Deputy Prosecutor General demanded that Berezovsky appear for questioning, he did not return from abroad and moved to the UK, which granted him political asylum in 2003.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Prosecutor Digs in the Dirt – Kommersant Moscow )〕 In Russia he was later convicted ''in absentia'' of fraud and embezzlement. The first charges were brought during Primakov's government in 1999. Despite an Interpol Red Notice for Berezovsky's arrest, Russia repeatedly failed to obtain the extradition of Berezovsky from Britain, which became a major point of diplomatic tension between the two countries. Berezovsky made his fortune in Russia in the 1990s when the country went through privatization of state property He profited from gaining control over various assets, including the country's main television channel, Channel One. In 1997 Forbes magazine estimated Berezovsky's wealth at US$3 billion.〔("Boris Abramovich Berezovsky" ) Profile on Globalsecurity.org〕 He was at the height of his power in the later Yeltsin years, when he was deputy secretary of Russia's security council, a friend of Boris Yeltsin's influential daughter Tatyana, and a member of the Yeltsin "family" (inner circle).〔 Berezovsky helped fund Unity – the political party, which formed Vladimir Putin's parliamentary base, and was elected to the Duma on Putin's slate. However, following the Russian presidential election in March 2000, Berezovsky went into opposition and resigned from the Duma. After he moved to Britain, the government took over his television assets,〔 and he divested from other Russian holdings. In 2012, Berezovsky lost a London High Court case he brought over the ownership of Sibneft against Roman Abramovich, in which he sought over £3 billion in damages.〔 The court judged Berezovsky as an "inherently unreliable" witness, who "regarded truth as a transitory, flexible concept, which could be moulded to suit his current purposes" and that "At times the evidence which he gave was deliberately dishonest; sometimes he was clearly making his evidence up as he went along in response to the perceived difficulty in answering the questions."〔〔 The court concluded that Berezovsky had never been a co-owner of Sibneft. Berezovsky was found dead at his home, Titness Park, at Sunninghill, near Ascot in Berkshire, on 23 March 2013.〔 A post-mortem examination found that his death was consistent with hanging and that there were no signs of a violent struggle.〔 However the coroner at the inquest into Berezovsky's death later recorded an open verdict. ==Early life and scientific research== Boris Abramovich Berezovsky was born in 1946, in Moscow, to Abram Markovich Berezovsky (1911–1979), a Jewish civil engineer in construction works,〔Vadim Joseph Rossman and the Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism. ''Russian Intellectual Antisemitism in the Post-Communist Era'' (2002). University of Nebraska Press: pp. 120–1.〕〔Marshall I. Goldman, "Putin and the Jewish Oligarchs: Prejudice or Politics?" In ''Revolution, Repression, and Revival: The Soviet Jewish Experience'' (2007), eds. Zvi Y. Gitelman and Yaacov Ro'i. Rowman & Littlefield: p. 274〕 and his wife, Anna Aleksandrovna Gelman (22 November 1923 – 3 September 2013).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''The Moscow Times'' )〕 Berezovsky always stressed his Jewish heritage, although by Jewish law he was not Jewish, as his maternal grandmother was not Jewish.〔(Prominent Russians: Boris Berezovsky ) Russia Today, Written by Maria Finoshina, RT correspondent〕 He studied applied mathematics, receiving his doctorate in 1983. After graduating from the Moscow Forestry Engineering Institute in 1968, Berezovsky worked as an engineer, from 1969 till 1987 serving as assistant research officer, research officer and finally the head of a department in the Institute of Control Sciences of the USSR Academy of Sciences.〔(Intelligence Squared )〕 Berezovsky conducted research on optimization and control theory, publishing 16 books and articles between 1975 and 1989. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Boris Berezovsky (businessman)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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